![]() The broad set of analytical methods associated with network analysis will be outlined. This will be followed by a review of how network models are instantiated in GIS. The scientific underpinnings of network analysis as it is implemented in GIS will be discussed, including graph theory, topology, and the means of spatially referencing to networks. In order to comprehensively review the subject of network analysis in GIS, the history of network analysis in GIS will be first explored. Networks represent a fundamental spatial domain on which many phenomena can be located and over which many activities move. While networks analyzed in geography can be of great variety (road networks, river networks, utility networks, and more), it is the similarity in structure that rather than the diversity in application that truly provides the value for research and practice. Given the extraordinarily broad set of application areas that can take advantage of network structure, the use of networks in GIS has grown, and networks are likely to remain a dominant spatial platform for analysis in the foreseeable future. The fact that network analysis was a significant component of scientific geography during the quantitative revolution in geography in the 1950s led to its rapid introduction into GIS as analytical tools were added to the growing suite of functionalities in GIS software. This is a reflection of the earliest GIS data models that were implemented, its broad usefulness across domain areas, and its potential for future development. Network analysis holds a prominent place in geographic information systems (GIS). Curtin, in Comprehensive Geographic Information Systems, 2018 1.12.1 Introduction
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